Based on stress process theory, this study investigated the mediating effects of social support and self-esteem on the relation between parenting stress and depression in married women with young children. A total of 217 women with infants and preschool children completed the Parenting Stress Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Social Support Scale, and Beck D epression I nventory. Collected data were analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM ), and the significance of the mediating effects was estimated by bootstrapping methods. Results of the study were as follows. First, parenting stress had a significantly positive impact on depression. Second, the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between parenting stress and depression was not statistically significant. T hird, self-esteem displayed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between parenting stress and depression. Lastly, social support and self-esteem showed a dual mediating effects on the relationship between parenting stress and depression. T hese results suggest that the role of social support and self-esteem, in addition to parenting stress, need to be considered for research and early intervention to prevent depression in women with infants and preschool children.