The purpose of this study is to analyze the transition of science and technology education policy in Korea. To do this, a literature survey was conducted and a comparative historical analysis was conducted based on the literature survey. The subjects of the study are science and technology education policies ranging from the Five-year Plan for Promoting Science and Technology Education established in the 1960s to the recent Science, Mathematics and Information Education Promotion Act . We analyzed targets and practices for each period of policy. Prior to the 1960s, there were few practical policies that could be regarded as science and technology education policies. Therefore, this period was excluded from the subject of this study. Prior to 1980, economic development was recognized as the most important social issue, so the science and technology education policy was mainly focused on nurturing industrial manpower. Since the 1980s, the social democratization movement has become more prominent and various reforms have been attempted. In this context, education reform was emphasized. In particular, science and technology education emphasized the education of the gifted and talented students, and strengthened competence to prepare for the knowledge information society. In the 21st century, the goal of cultivating science and technology literacy and fostering creative talents has been raised, and the perspective of human resource development has also been introduced into science and technology education policy. In particular, convergence between related fields such as science, mathematics, and information education is being attempted. Today, the importance of science and technology is expanding. Therefore, analysis on the trends and contents of science and technology education policy will provide basic data for establishing science and technology education policy in the future