The purpose of this study is to provide basic data needed for intervention that can improve the quality of life of older people by analyzing general, physical, and mental factors which influence the quality of life of older people living alone and with family. We surveyed a total of 959 older people living alone, and 3,550 older people living with a family from the respondent pool of the 6th KNHANES of 2013-2015 period. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0 after reorganizing them into an integrated sample file. The factors which influenced the quality of life of elderly living alone were age, drinking, smoking, subjective body image, subjective health, and diet condition. The explanatory power of these factors was 38.1%(F = 7.16, p <. 001). Those influenced the quality of life of elderly living with a family were age, economic status, education, economic activity, arthritis, stroke, number of days spent walking, subjective body image, subjective health, and suicidal thought. The explanatory power was 35.1%(F = 19.54, p < .001). Social attention and care for the quality of life in elderly are required to allow them to lead a qualitatively satisfactory life beyond a simple life extension.