The purpose of this study is to understand the similarities and differences between the curriculum of Korean and Chinese early childhood curriculum by comparing the educational goals of early childhood curriculum science areas in Korea and China, and to find implications for both countries. Conclusions were drawn by analyzing the common points and differences between the two countries by comparing the characteristics of the curriculum that constitutes the foundation of the curriculum of early childhood Received (December 11, 2018), Review Result(January 21, 2019) Accepted(February 26, 2019), Published(March 30, 2019) 1Department of Early Childhood Education, Korea National University of Education, Taisungtapyunro 250, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju City, 28173, Korea E-mail: kbrian@knue.ac.kr 2(Corresponding Author) Department of Early Childhood Education 608ho, Korea National University of Education, Taisungtapyunro 250, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju City, 28173, Korea E-mail: hyodan8666@daum.net A Comparative Study of South Korea and China’s Educational Objectives for the Subject of Science in the Curriculum of Early Childhood Education 30 Copyright ⓒ 2019 HSST curriculum and the educational goals. First, in common with the nature of early childhood curriculum science, both countries focused on inquiry and problem solving. The difference is that Korea develops an attitude of inquiry, China regards importance of developing the ability of inquiry, and Korea seeks to develop cognitive aspects through problem solving as a process of problem solving, China take the problem solving as a mathematical ability. Second, in the educational goals of the early childhood curriculum science area, Korea regard inquiry and interest as important. In China, while setting education goals for natural love and respect for nature , Korea showed a difference in that it could not be found in the goals, although the environment education center of the environmental education for the sustainable development was implied. Through comparing South Korea and China’s educational objectives for the subject of science in the curriculum we have identified useful implications for the development the science curriculum of early childhood education in South Korea and China.