This study seeks to examine the effect of general characteristics and social intelligence on depression in female primary caregivers of elderly with dementia. Data was collected from 118 female caregivers of elderly with dementia residing in U area from December 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017, and collected data was analyzed with the SPSS 21.0 statistical program. The difference in social intelligence according to the monthly income, highest level of education, health condition and quality of life of female caregivers of elderly with dementia was significant, but age and number of co-living family members were not significant at a significance level of 5%. In highest level of education, the depression was lowest in women who graduated from university or higher. In health condition, depression was lowest in women who were satisfied with their health condition, and depression was highest in women who perceived their quality of life as low. There was a negative correlation between depression and social intelligence, and the correlation between depression and social perception was not significance at a significance level of 5%. Multiple regression analysis showed (F=17.675, p<.001). It is evident that the higher the social skills and social perception of the social intelligence of female primary caregivers of elderly with dementia, the lower the depression. Therefore, various programs and social support are necessary to relieve the depression of female primary caregivers of elderly with dementia.