The purpose of this study was to compare two prominent drama theories - Robert Landy\'s and David Read Johnson\'s theories. Landy established the so-called “Role Theory” through the study of western literature and theatre history and under the influence of psychodrama, directing, experimental theatre, and drama in education. Johnson established the so-called “Developmental Transformations” based on psychological development theories, object-oriented relations, Buddism, and improvisational techniques. This study proposed that the common aspects of these two theories be the utilization of a drama form, intensification of an observing ego, and emphasis on the present (here and now). The different aspects, however, can be found in the theoretical backgrounds, goals of therapy, structure of individual therapy, therapist roles, degree of therapist\'s countertransference, structure of an individual session, and process of closing. Particularly, these differences suggest that these two theories take different stances in understanding the human nature and human psyche.