This study dealt with a group art therapy program based on Winnicott's theory of mother-child interaction for the subjects of 26 mother-child pairs from A-kindergarten in D city who agreed to participate in the program. The study subjects were divided into three groups, namely, 8 pairs for the experimental group, 9 pairs for the control group and 9 pairs for the comparative group, while the program consisted of a total of 15 sessions, twice a week and each session lasting 90 minutes. To verify the effectiveness of the program, used were pre-test, post-test and follow-up test on a measure of mother-child interaction. For data analysis, chosen are the measuring instruments of Two-way ANOVA and Scheffe multiple comparisons.
The results from the study are as follows. First, the experimental group shows a greater improvement on mother-child interaction compared to the control and comparative groups. Second, the experimental group exhibits a significant enhancement on disciplined behavior, more than the control and comparative groups. Third, child-supervision has been significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the other groups. Fourth, affective expression has been significantly improved in the experimental group, more that the control and comparative groups. Consequently, a group art therapy program centered on mother-child interaction is effective in enhancing mother-child interaction. Therefore, the art therapy program developed in this study can be useful for prevention and treatment of a child's problem behavior.
Key Words: Winnicott, Facilitating Environment, Mother-Child Interaction, Group Art Therapy