"Traditional play has a long history as an integral part of the daily lives of Koreans. It has also been continuously revised and supplemented in physical education, according to changes in geography, society, and ideology. It can take the form of various agon-style play, including competition, tournament, contest, physical contact, and sports. Agon-style play can vary widely in terms of rules and method according to the number of people, making it possible to develop useful content that can achieve a wide range of objectives in elementary school level physical education. In this study, competition-style traditional play is defined as a “game” in the different stages of sports development, which can be changed according to the different comfort level of students in elementary schools. This flexibility is particularly useful for utilization at the elementary school level, specifically in the “challenge activities” category which includes running, jumping, swimming, and gymnastics. The objective here is to provide a basic framework for utilizing competition-style traditional play in the category of “challenge activities” in elementary school physical education by analyzing examples from the First Education Curriculum to the Seventh Education Curriculum. ※ Key words : Elementary School Physical Education, Competitive Traditional Play"