The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationships among task utility value and self-efficacy of English, school living basic psychological needs, classroom engagement, and self-directed learning of college students. A total of 284 college freshmen and sophomores at Y University in K city participated in this study. The results were as followings: First, it was shown that there were statistically significant positive correlations among the task utility value, self-efficacy of English, school living basic psychological needs, classroom engagement, and self-directed learning perceived by the university students. Second, the model fit index of TLI, CFI, RMSEA, and χ2 value were satisfied with the model fit criteria. The results of bootstrapping analysis also showed that basic psychological needs of school living had the mediation effects on path between task utility value and self-efficacy of English, on the one hand, and classroom engagement and self-directed learning, on the other hand. This study concludes with pedagogical implications.