The purpose of the study was to examine factors associated with suicidal ideation of older adults who live in concentrated poverty communities, especially focusing on the gender difference. Study sample consisted of 1,113 older adults in concentrated poverty communities, and data collected through face-to-face interview were analyzed by multiple regression models. Study results demonstrate that a higher level of suicidal ideation was associated with living alone, a lower level of loneliness, a lower level of social support, a lower level of depression, and having a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder among male participants. On the other hand, for female participants, a higher level of suicidal ideation was related to younger age, having a limitation of daily activities, having a religion, being a recipient of federal welfare benefits, a higher level of depression, and a lower level of social support. Furthermore, gender difference was found in the factors associated with suicide ideation; the level of suicidal ideation of male participants living alone was higher than that of female participants. Study findings suggest practical and policy implications for suicide prevention in older adults, by considering gender differences in biological, psychological, and social perspectives.