Objective: The purpose of the study was to develop a mathematics education program utilizing food to improve the mathematical abilities of 4-year-olds and to analyze the effects of this program on 4-years-olds’ mathematical concepts (number and operation, algebra, geometry, measurement, data analysis, and probability). Methods: The study selected 30 4-year-olds from two daycare centers located in K city. The experimental group (N=15) participated in the mathematics education program utilizing food, 10 times for five weeks, while the comparative group (N=15) participated in the seasonal mathematics education program based on the Nuri Curriculum. The activities of this intervention program were designed to cover all domains of Mathematical Exploratory areas in the Nuri Curriculum. For data processing and analysis, pre-test and post-test score differences between the two groups were analyzed through MANCOVA. Results: The experimental group had significantly higher scores on five mathematical concepts compared with the control group. A mathematics education program utilizing food had the positive effect of improving 4-year-olds’ mathematical ability. Conclusion/Implications: Mathematic education programs utilizing food are recommended as necessary pedagogical data to develop the mathematical abilities of children in education centers, families, or relating to parenting education.