The purpose of this study is to investigate how the local streams investigation program affects elementary students’ environmental literacy. The study was carried out a group of 9 students who participated in the environmental clubs. The program was organized according to four subtopics and consisted of a total of 20 lessons. Environmental literacy was operationalized in terms of environmental knowledge, environmental emotion, environmental function, and environmental behavior, and the change of students was observed after the completion of the program. The results of the study are as follows. The local streams exploration program positively affected the students’ environmental literacy. The students formed environmental knowledge by identifying and exploring environmental problems around the stream. Environmental emotions have shown the most significant changes and have influenced other environmental literacy factors. Environmental function was difficult for elementary students, and it took time to acquire the function, and relatively little change was observed. Changes in environmental behavior have occurred over long-term and continuous observations rather than in specific activities.