Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive and physical functions based on dysphagia in aged patients in geriatric hospitals. Methods: The participants were 210 elders aged≥65 years conveniently selected from patients who were in three geriatric hospitals in B city. Data were collected between January 28, and March 28, 2019. Data collection was done using the following scales: Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS), Korean Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Korean Activity of Daily Living (K-ADL). Descriptive statistics, x2 test, Fisher’s exact test and independent t-test were used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of dysphagia was 66.7%. There were statistically significant differences in the dysphagia according to age, nervous system disease, respiratory system disease, medication related to dysphagia and Body Mass Index. There were statistically significant differences in cognitive function (t=10.11, p<.001) and physical function (t=-11.00, p<.001) according to dysphagia. Conclusion: These findings are expected to be utilized in clinical practice and training of patients and nurses to provide a foundation for early screening of dysphagia, with the ultimate goal of reducing and preventing complications.