The study is to examine the effects of Japanese political changes and educational policies on the education of Koreans in Japan (hereinafter “Koreans”) since in the postwar history of Japan, and to explore challenges to reconstruct and develop their ethnic identity. The education that influences the formation of ethnic identity as Koreans has been greatly affected by the Japanese foreign education policy, it’s possible to consider the educational status and its feature by historical institutional approach based on the political changes in Japan. Meanwhile, since the beginning of the 21st century, as globalization and multiculturalism move rapidly, Koreans tend to choose identities of the mainstream society rather than the ethnic ones in all areas of their life, education, and culture. This means that the possibility of identity deconstruction is also increasing, therefore, it is necessary to explore the role of education in rebuilding identity models to suit Koreans.