COVID-19 brought drastic changes not only in politics, economy, society and culture but also in daily lives. Especially, the educational field experiences even bigger changes as COVID-19 affects the entire generations and social classes. Though non-face-to-face education may be offered to college as well as elementary, junior high and high school students, it is truly difficult to engage in non-face-to-face operations for young children. Hence, this study examines responsive measures against COVID-19 implemented by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare overseeing preschools and nurseries in Japan, and it presents implications that may impose upon Korea. The research method used relevant guidelines and analysis methods for infant and child education institutions.
The COVID-19 Guideline of the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare can be summarized into two major implications. First, from the notice during the early days of COVID-19, titled ‘About Responses by Child Care Center against New Coronavirus’ dated on January 31st, it stated, “Be sure to provide related people, including children, appropriate guidance on the new virus based on the information collected thus far, and take full consideration of the children’s civil rights through the above by not incurring any bias based on the new virus.” Second, the Ministry announced another notice titled ‘About Cases When New Coronavirus Manifests in Children at Child Care Center (Second Notice).’ It stated that door-to-door temporary child care, child care service through visits by nursing teachers and babysitter activities may be considered for young children of the parents whose occupation demands strong social needs, such as medical professionals, and it also urged each city, town and village to take necessary measures accordingly.
Implications learned from the cases of educational institutions for early-childhood include that child care services need to be offered through reflection of the demands from the society and guardians even during the COVID-19 crises under the consideration of the age of young children and the purpose of establishment of each institution and that the essential elements of child care regarding development of young children, such as physical activities and playing with color paints, should not be ignored under any circumstances.