School meals began when foreign aid food was allocated to schools right after the end of the Korean War. The school meal was primarily aimed at relieving hungry students. However, during the subsequent development process, intervention of government through school meals expanded to include students bodies and eating habits. Such an expansion was specifically presented for the purpose of the 「School Meals Act」 enacted in 1981. This study focused on this transition and analyzed the bio-political implications of school meals in 1952-1981 when the school meal system was introduced in Korea. The findings are as follows. Through school meals, the government provided an inducement for students to participate in the school for forming human capital, and reconstructed their tastes to match the government s economic strategy, justified these practices through nutritional knowledge, and sought to form a useful body for the nation. In this study, school meals, which combine heteronomous things such as laws, systems, knowledge, technologies, and statistics, were interpreted as a kind of modern bio-political dispositif for students to promote their physical condition and eating habits in the interests of the nation.