This study attempted to analyze the concept of aesthetic sensibility that the 2015 Korean National Curriculum pursues as a goal of elementary and secondary education. Assuming that aesthetic sensibility is required for humanistic life, from the perspective of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, one can be viewed to lead a valuable human life when they prioritize their need for self-actualization over subordinate needs such as social needs. Therefore, cultural sensibility, the first sub-factor of aesthetic sensibility, was defined as the degree to which one values cultural virtues, including truth, goodness, and beauty, by pursuing the need for self-actualization in their life. Meanwhile, the second factor, empathetic understanding of humans, was conceptualized as the extent to which one takes a generous, empathetic attitude towards differing aspects of human lives based on their understanding of the difficulties that one experiences while pursuing self-realization during their lifespan. On the basis of these conceptual analyses, this study presents several policy implications and suggests the necessity for aesthetic sensitivity as a goal of education in the next curriculum revision.