The purpose of this study is to analyze the activities of the third and fourth grade elementary music appreciation by imagination type, which David Hume presented in his Theory of imagination, and to verify the importance of imagination to understand music in music listening. As a result of the study, first, in music textbooks, activities for music appreciation were presented to listen to music with imagination through various senses such as visual, auditory, and physicality to understand music. Second, in the music textbooks of the third and fourth grades, a learning environment, which is creating imagination, is provided through activities for music appreciation using various materials such as pictures, stories, and videos, but imagination activities through musical form and content are very few and a further study is needed.