In the midst of the conflicts of the East and the West over the last 200 years, Christianity has made a great contribution to the communication and solidarity of Eastern and Western civilizations, even within the limitations of history. Christian missionaries, with their passion for the gospel, introduced western civilization in China and conveyed Chinese culture to the West, leaving a great mark on the encounter of two great civilizations in the East and the West. The purpose of this paper is to clarify both the contribution and limitations of Christianity in the dialogue and communication of East-West civilization through the history of Christianity in China. In addition to the cultural tension caused by the transcendence of Christianity itself, the author argues that Christian theology has failed to overcome the difference of thinking in the East and the West. It was not the difference in the nature of the gospel, but the difference between the culture and the way of thinking are contained in the gospel. The difference is not limited to the gap in conceptual understanding but is extended beyond the structural difference of thinking patterns between the East and the West, of which L. P. Althusser referred to as “epistemological break.” In order to overcome the intellectual disconnections which were formed by the differences of the reasoning methods, this paper argues the importance of the new universality which can connect the difference of different ways of thinking of the East and the West. The author contends for “a horizontal universality”(communicability) that can connect different ideas and cultures. Rather than having one party becoming the standard of the other, the system itself should retain the ability to coexist in recognizing the differences of each other in a pluralistic way. In this way, the development of “Asian theology” can be actively pursued.