The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of working mothers perceived social support (spousal support, workplace support) and parenting efficacy on parental role satisfaction. For this purpose, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed on 214 working mothers residing in Busan. The main results are as follows: first, spousal support, workplace support, and parenting efficacy all have positive correlations with parental role satisfaction, and parenting efficacy is found to have the highest positive correlation with parental role satisfaction, and ‘work type support , a sub-variable of workplace support, is found to have the lowest positive correlation with parental role satisfaction. Second, we found that parenting efficacy and the workplace welfare system of workplace support have a statistically significant positive effect on parental role satisfaction. The implications of the main results and measures to enhance social support and parenting efficacy of working mothers were discussed.