The purpose of this study is to more systematically understand students with art underachievement by analyzing the multiple intelligence characteristics of a group of students with art underachievement. Gardner's Multiple Intelligence test was conducted on 196 students in grades 3-6 of Elementary School. Among them, a group of 12 students with art underachievement was selected through the art subject performance evaluation results and art expression ability test. The multi-intelligence characteristics of the art underachievement student group, the general student group, and the art gifted group were compared. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the multiple intelligences of the student group with art underachievement were ‘normal’ in all types. Spatial intelligence was ranked the lowest, and interpersonal intelligence was the highest. These results contrast with the multi-intelligence characteristics of the art gifted, and in the case of the art gifted, spatial intelligence ranks highest and interpersonal intelligence ranks lowest. The implications of the study results are as follows. First, in the concept of art underachievement student, it has been proven in terms of multiple intelligences that art underahcievement targets students with basic potential. Second, when comparing the level of multiple intelligences of the art gifted group and the art underachievement group, it can be inferred that it directly affects the art ability of spatial intelligence. Third, by analyzing spatial intelligence in terms of structure, it is possible to prepare an effective plan for overcoming the art achievement in consideration of the art development of elementary school students.