The main objective of this study was to develop and validate the Failure Mindset Scale(FMS). An online survey was conducted on 449 Korean university students and we divided the collected survey into two groups. In Group 1(N=231), the preliminary scale consisting of 14 items was developed but the number of items was reduced to 10 after the item analysis. The exploratory factor analysis(EFA) on this 10 item supported the extraction of one factor. In Group 2(N=218), the confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) was conducted for a cross-validation of the one factor model, As a result of CFA indicated that the one factor model is suitable. In whole group(N=449), the convergent and discriminant validity were demonstrated by examining correlations and comparing model fit between failure mindset and intelligence mindset. Criterion validity was all found to be satisfactory. Based on these results, the implications for future researches were discussed.