This study identified the period of the emergence of inverted heart-shaped lotus design roof-end tiles and the series of its patterns, in addition to estimating the development process and chronology of these roof-end tiles through an analysis of 339 examples appearing in the reports Xigucheng (西古城), Shangjingcheng (上京成), Baliancheng (八連成), which were published in the late 2000s. Based on this, the study tracked the stage and factors of transformation of the inverted heart-shaped lotus design roof-end tiles in Balhae’s metropolitan areas. The inverted heart-shaped lotus design roof-end tiles of Balhae’s metropolitan areas experienced change in three major stages. Stage Ⅰ is the period when Seogoseong Fortress operated as the current capital city, and corresponds to the middle of the 8th century. The 6 ga Ⅰ cross-type C2a and the 6 ga Ⅰ new moon mixed-type B3a motifs were used around Seogoseong Fortress. Considering that 6 ga Ⅰ type lotus petals have not been identified in Sanggyeong Fortress and Palyeonseong Fortress, it is thought that variation in lotus petals subsequently occurred after Stage Ⅰ. Stage Ⅱ corresponds to the middle of the 8th century (when the capital city was moved to Sanggyeong Fortress) to the late 8th century (when the second capital city was returned to Sanggyeong Fortress). Ga Ⅱ type lotus petals appeared and were used, but some decorative elements (such as the ovary) previously used in Stage Ⅰ were also present. 6 ga Ⅱ crosstype C2a, 6 ga Ⅱ spindle whorl-type B3a, and 6 ga Ⅱ spindle whorl-type B2 types were popular. Based on the fact that the 6 ga Ⅱ spindle whorl-type B3a type lotus motif, which had been attributed to Stage Ⅱ, was common in Seogoseong Fortress, Sanggyeongseong Fortress, and Palyeonseong Fortress, it is thought that the pattern symbolizing the city was established from this stage. Stage Ⅲ corresponds to the latter part of the 9th century (when the capital returned to Sanggyeong Fortress) to the former part of the 10th century (when the kingdom collapsed). The lotus petals and other decorative elements of Stage Ⅱ continued to be used, but differentiation in terms of the form of each element also actively took place, becoming more diversified than in Stage Ⅱ. New types of lotus petals can be see in the Ga Ⅲ and Na type motifs. In addition to 6 petal motifs, 7 petal, 5 petal, and 4 petal motifs also appeared. In the case of the lotus ovary, Type C3 appeared and was popular.