This study aimed to explore the anxiety that appeared in Francis Bacon’s paintings from the perspective of Rollo May and examined the characteristics of the paintings by considering Bacon’s life events, epochal situations, and the cause of anxiety. Selected twelve representative paintings were analyzed based on period, events, characters, and anxiety that had a psychological impact by selecting pieces from different periods of Bacon’ works. First, the causes of anxiety were the coercive and indifferent parenting attitudes of his parents, frequent relocations, and his struggle with gender identity. Second, Bacon used his work to relieve anxiety, which could generate creativity from May’ perspective. Third, images of anxiety in Bacon’s paintings expressed through bizarre figures were not human or animal shapes, but grim atmospheres created by the painful expressions of human and disfigured and distorted faces in portraits. Observing Bacon’s later paintings after the death of his lover, George Dyer, from May’s viewpoint, Bacon attempted self-realization by immersing himself in his work. Based on these results, this study was meaningful in presenting the new perspective on Bacon’s works, highlighting how he confronted anxiety and strove for self-realization through the process of creating and healing.