Although research evidence on teachers in Korea has been increasing, it is limited to understand their general identity. In this study, we tried to establish a conceptual framework that is able to identify teachers by focusing on their educational beliefs and practices. For an empirical exploration, we collected online survey data for primary and secondary school teachers nationwide. Latent class analysis was implemented using eighteen categorical items across six domains of educational beliefs and sixteen categorical items across four domains of educational practices. Three distinct educational beliefs typologies were revealed: transmitter type, calling type, and facilitator type. In educational practices, three different typologies are also emerged: the first group that follows the manuals such as teacher’s guide and lesson plans, the second group characterized that they try to understand from the student’s point of view, and the third group that practices flexibly. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to ascertain whether educational practice typologies could be differentiated by educational belief typologies and teachers’ socio-demographic status. Beliefs typologies, school level, career and gender were predictive of group membership in certain practice groups. The results show that multiple identities coexist within an individual teacher undergoing a constant internal negotiations. This article is significant in that it shows a snapshot of Korean teachers’ identity beyond the narratives of individual teachers.