During periods of industrial growth, universities have pursued the improvement of academic proficiency and the enhancement of educational quality through their responsibilities in education, research, and service provision as educational institutions providing specialized knowledge. However, with the advent of the AI-based Fourth Industrial Revolution, universities are increasingly perceived as public institutions driving national development and local community growth. Consequently, they are being required to play a pivotal role of regional development and growth by enhancing industry-academia research performance, creating knowledge demanded by local communities, and developing human resources. To realize this, it is necessary to establish the social accountability of universities and to enhance their capacity, thereby developing methods to drive regional community growth. This study researches the enhancement of social accountability in universities, including educational objectives, expansion of educational authority, social responsibility, improvement of achievement, social utility, research autonomy of faculty, methods for meeting the demand for human resource development in collaboration with the nation and industry, joint research projects between academia and industry to drive local community development, university competitiveness aimed at symbiotic growth with local communities, and the role of globalization and sustainable growth. Through this, it provides implications for the societal diffusion of university education performances and the diversification of its public functions, as well as insights into methods for enhancing the social accountability of universities towards the nation and local communities.