This study aimed to investigate the relationship among children's abuse experience, ego-resiliency, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Participants were 660 children from grades 4, 5, and 6 in an elementary school in Masan City, Kyung-Nam Province. Children's abuse experience, ego-resiliency, and posttraumatic stress symptoms were assessed through scales. Finally 202 children who got top 35% scores on children's Abuse Experience Scale were selected in order to meet the conditions of abuse experience. The gathered data were statistically analyzed through reliability, frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The major results of this study were as follows: First, posttraumatic stress symptoms got higher as children's abuse experience got higher. Especially, negligence had a greater impact on posttraumatic stress symptoms than physical or emotional abuse. Second, ego-resiliency got lower as physical abuse or negligence got higher. Especially, negligence had a greater impact on ego-resiliency than physical abuse. Third, ego-resiliency had a mediating effect which ameliorated posttraumatic stress symptoms of the children who experienced physical abuse and negligence.