The purpose of this study was to investigated a play-based social skill enhancement program to improve the peer relationships of low income single parent families. The subject aged 9∼10 years old, 3 children in the experimental group and 3 children in the control group. The program was carried out 12 sessions twice a week, 60 minutes per session. Both group conducted the IPR and K-SSRS at the beginning, termination and 2 weeks after termination of the program. And checked the Children’s Peer Behaviors during the session and free playtime. The result of this study that the program increased the social skills and the positive Children’s Peer Behaviors. But no significant differences were in the control group. The conclusion is that a play-based social skill enhancement program is effective for improving social skills and peer relationships of low income single parent family childre