The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of teacher-children relationship and the strengths and difficulties of children on school adjustment of elementary school aged children using Korean Child Panel 9 (2016). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression. The results were as followed. First intimacy in the sub-domain of teacher-children relationship and pro-social behavior in the strength and difficulties showed a positive correlation with the school adjustment, but conflict in the sub-domain of teacher-children relationship and total difficulties in the sub-domain of strength and difficulties showed a negative correlation with the school adjustment. Second, two variables were explained about 76% for the school adjustment. Some implications were discussed based on the results.