The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of self-regulation ability on the relationship between parent-child communication and child’s school life adaptation. A total of 375 students(4~6 grade) participated in this study. There were findings. First, child’s school life adaptation were positively and significantly correlated with parent-child communication, self-regulation ability. Second, self-regulation ability was partially mediated on the relationship between the parent-child communication and school life adaptation. Based on these findings, it is necessary to educate parents on the importance and methods of open and intimate communication. It is also necessary to provide children with programs that can improve their self-regulation ability.