The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of selfconsciousness and self-ambivalence on mental health. It was found that selfconsciousness negatively affected mental health. However, two constructs in private self-consciousness(contemplation and perception of inner state) showed a positive effect. In addition, in this study, the relationship between private self-consciousness and mental health was examined and the moderating effect of self-ambivalence was examined. Measures on selfconsciousness, self-ambivalence, and mental health were administered to 213 university students.