Purpose: This study was about their living arrangement factor, housing environment and provide the basic data for formulating the more efficient and realistic policies related to old people and developing proper nursing intervention programs to improve of their quality of life. Method: this study selected 561 old people aged more than 65 living in 'S' City, Gyeonggi Province and conducted the one-toone interview using the questionnaire over the period between June 23 and July 21, 2004. It took 20 minutes to 30 minutes per person. The research struments were composed of 11items relating to the living arrangement, 7 items relating to the housing environment. For statistical analysis, this study employed statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, chi-square test, ANOVA, Tukey test, correspondence analysis, and Pearson's correlation analysis using SAS PC. Result: It was found that the surveyed old people had the following living arrangement: they were living with family members(57.58%), living with spouses(25.23%) or living a solitary life (12.79%) and living near by family members (4.39%) There were the following cohabitation and separation factors according to the form of cohabitation. As to the reason for cohabitation of cohabitors, 42.95% of the respondents showed “a matter of course”. As for the reason for separation of separate livers, 42.8%, the highest proportion of the respondents, responded “Parents want”. As to cohabitors' level of satisfaction with conhabitation, 72.58% responded that they felt satisfied. As to the level of satisfaction with separation, 61.09% responded that they felt satisfied. 61.35% of the cohabitors and 52.92% of the separate livers responded that they had no problem in all the matters. 63.86% of the cohabitors responded that they had no plan of separation. 60.67% of the separate livers responded that they had no plan of cohabitation. It was found that the surveyed elderly people had the following housing environment: 67.20% owned their housing, 55.61% lived in the apartment house and 89.90% resided in their independent room (couple) and found that early elderly man, presence of the spouse, educational high level, presence of son, wealthy of living , health of elderly living in good house environment. Conclusion: The results of this study have its significance in confirming the factors which elderly's living arrangement and housing environment are related with demographic characteristics and providing the basic data necessary for developing more efficient and realistic nursing intervention to improve their quality of life of elderly home residents.