This study reviews the history and transition of the special education administrative system in Korea, and suggests policy-making strategies to give better directions to the Korean special education administrative system. For these purposes, the periodical changes of the special education administrative policy was divided into the followings: The term of each period was classified into the Quickening Period(1870-1948), the Foundation Period(1946-1976), the Developmental Period(1977-1993), and the Take-off period(1994-present). The Quickening Period can be divided into three sub-periods based on the modern history of Korea, Civilized Nation Period(1870-1910), Japanese Occupation Period(1911-1945), and American Military Administration Period(1946-1948). Each period is investigated by the existence and function of the special education administrative policy. The data of this research is collected from the educational administrative organizations based on the National Government Organization Act and the organizational history about the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development. Comparative data are arranged by the period and analysed. Major suggestions from this study are summarized as follows: First, the special education administrative organizations belonged to the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development should take more powerful division. Second, expertises with special education knowledge should be stationed by the types of disabilities at the special education administrative organizations. Third, local communities should implement efforts related to the special education administrative organizations.