The weirs built so far are mainly overflow type weirs overflowing to the upstream. Main advantages of overflow type weirs
are, effective water resources management and easy design, construction and maintenance due to many accumulated studies.
However, due to the special feature of the overflow type weir where water overflows through the upstream of the weir, the
silt coming from the upstream is not discharged to the downstream of the weir. This increases the river bed and reduces
the reservoir capacity, and as a result, the weir loses its function. A underflow type weir with a water gate has been
implemented in order to solve such sediment deposit and weir maintenance problems. However due to the design problem
of recently constructed underflow type weirs, the river bed of the downstream of a weir has been scoured. And this leds to
a structural problem. In this study, the flow characteristics of overflow type weirs and underflow type weir, hydraulic jump
length analysis depending on change of water depth and the amount of specific energy loss generated per unit length
depending on a weir type have been compared and analyzed, for the effective design and management of the weirs.
The experiment results show that, when identical upstream conditions of underflow type weir and an overflow type weir
were maintained, the hydraulic jump length was up to twice longer with Fr(Froude number) 3.5 of the hydraulic jump
length at the underflow type weir, and the hydraulic jump length gradually decreased as the downstream water depth
increased. The comparative analysis result of the amount of specific energy loss generated per unit length showed that the
amount of energy loss per unit length was twice higher for an overlfow type weir than a underflow type weir. Therefore,
in case of a underflow type facility, an additional energy reduction facility is determined to be necessary for safety of water
construction structures.