The purpose of this study is to examine how the scaffolding types and learners' reflexive level
can have an effect on cognitive presence and school achievement level in blended learning
environment. For this, a cyber class which was provided by Seoul Metropolitan Office of
Education was created and then online contents were provided through the online class. The
experiment group was classified into a high level of reflexive thinking group and a low level of
reflexive thinking group after carrying out a pre-test of reflexive thinking level, and then they
were again divided into a task-supported scaffolding group and a self-monitoring scaffolding
group.
157 middle school students participated in the blended learning for 6 weeks, in a middle school
at Seoul, Korea. Result show that the levels of learners' reflexive thinking have a significant
effect on cognitive presence and achievement test. Also, when a high level of reflective thinking
group received task-supported scaffolding, they earned significantly higher scores on school
achievement tests than did a low level of reflective thinking group.
Findings are expected to help instructional designers to create design elements that improve the
cognitive presence during their' cognitive activities in blended learning classes.