This study is a comparative analysis of adult education activities based on demographic transition in three selected asian countries - Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, and Japan. The three countries are selected on the basis of their progress through the three stage of demographic transition and the indicators of modernization and development. In order to describe the background for which the adult education activities occured, national conditions in each country are described by selected elements adapted from Background Notes of the U.S Department of State and the Factbook of the U.S. Government Printing Office; the development of each country is analysed with indicators developed by Harbison and his associates. In addition to both national conditions and indicators of modernization and development, the existing programs of adult education are analysed for the purpose of policy making toward the future society in each country. Existing and typical adult education programs are described and compared in terms of the appropriate demo graphic transition stage of each country - traditional, transitional and advanced and their similarities and differences. This comparison cover such area as programs, opportunities, methods and techniques, and envisage the pattern of adult education programs in terms of national conditions, indicators of modernization and development, and existing programs. Based on the findings of the comparison, recommendations are made for shaping adult education activities to aid in assisting the national development of each society.