The purpose of this study was to examine the changes of diagnostic criteria for specific learning disabilities in DSM-5 and to explore implications for school-based diagnostic criteria of students with learning disabilities in South Korea. For this purpose, the revised principles and procedures of DSM-5 recently published by American Psychiatric Association were reviewed, and then the changes of specific learning disabilities in DSM-5 were investigated compared with DSM-IV. Also, the diagnostic criteria of specific learning disorders defined in DSM-5 and identification and diagnostic criteria of learning disabilities used in schools in South Korea were compared and analyzed. Based the results from the analysis, implications on the diagnostic criteria for students with learning disabilities, and suggestions for supports and cooperations for establishing the future diagnostic criteria for students with learning disabilities in South Korea were discussed.