The material for the Collected Works of T'oegye began to be
collected and recorded in 1571, one year after Yi Hwang(1501-1570)'s
death. It was first published some thirty years later in 1600(the official
Gyeongja Edition), after undergoing years of painstaking efforts at
complicated editing and revising. The records of the Master were first
collected in the original manuscript of 1579, named the Collected Works of
Master T'oedo, which gave rise to the second draft in anthology form
named the Collected Works of Master T'oegye(Original Text Version) in
1586. This second draft(original text version) underwent revision to form
the Collected Works of Master T'oegye(Revised Version) in 1588. This
revised version of the second draft then gave rise to the second critical
anthology edition in 1590. From this second anthology edition the officially
sanctioned decisive contemporary critical edition was made in 1599, known
as the Collected Works of Master T'oegye(Standard Version).
The decision to divide the works of Yi Hwang into the Inner
Chapters, the Miscellaneous Chapters and the Outer Chapters in
accordance with the date of composition of the respective works by the
author was made early in the process of editing. This decision was
facilitated by the existence of hand-written versions of Yi Hwang's poems,
which the author had personally edited. The Collected Works of T'oegye
follows the overall layout and systemic structure of the Complete Works of
Master Zhu(Zhu Xi), with the exception of the section on letter
correspondence, which does not follow the latter work's content-oriented
classification in its editing strategy. Rather, the classification of letters in
the Collected Works of T'oegye is based on personalities to whom the
correspondence is addressed in addition to their content. Thus, the letters
are classified according to four types of corresponding personalities,
namely Contemporary Worthies, Old Acquaintances, Fellow Scholars and
Students, and Family Members, respectively.
The above style of classification in the process of editing was first
adopted by Kim Seong-il ("Hakbong":1538-1593) and Yu Seong-ryong
("Seo'ae":1542-1607), who supervised the correction and revision of the
original manuscripts. It was also adopted in turn by the final editor, Jo
Mok ("Wolcheon":1524-1606). This differing style of classification is the
most marked difference between the Collected Works of T'oegye and the
Complete Works of Master Zhu. After the publication of the Collected
Works, its layout and classificatory system influenced the editing of the
works of other contemporary scholars in Joseon-dynasty Korea.
However, in spite of the innovation in the classificatory system in the
editing of the letters, when published the first official edition of the
Collected Works of T'oegye, or the Gyeongja Edition, was beset with
many editorial problems. In fact, Yu Seong-ryong is said to have been
critical of it as being an edition that represented an engraving of the draft
version of the text. If the publishing had been rushed due to the War with
Japan(1592-1598), there ought to have been a rigorous process of
correction afterward, including supplementary engravings. The fact that
this was neither followed through at the time, nor addressed in later
re-publication efforts has meant that the problems have remained to the
present day, due to the conservative tendency in scholastic circles to
adhere stubbornly to existing tradition.