순음청력검사는 순음자극으로 각 주파수에 따른 청력손실의 정도를 분석할 수는 있으나 청력손실이 의사 소통능력에 미치는 영향력을 파악하기는 어려우므로 일상생활의 의사소통능력을 측정하기 위하여 어음청력검사를 실시한다. 일반적으로 어음청력검사는 이음절어로 청력손실의 장애정도를 평가하는 어음청취역치 검사와 유의미 단음절어로 말소리 인지 능력을 평가하는 단어인지도 검사로 구성되어있다. 단어인지도 검사는 말소리의 기본단위인 음소의 인지능력을 평가하여 의사소통의 정도를 분석한다. 말소리는 폐에서 올라온 기류가 성대의 조절과정을 거친 후 성도를 지나면서 만들어진다. 성대를 거친 기류가 성도를 통과하는 과정에서 구강통로의 중앙부에서 어떠한 방해를 받으면서 생성되는 말소리를 자음이라하고 아무런 방해를 받지 않으면서 생성되는 것을 모음이라 한다. 음소는 자음과 모음의 병합으로 구성되며 영어권에서는 자음과 모음의 구성성분을 음향학적으로 주파수와 강도로 분류하고 있으며, 순음청력검사의 결과가 특정 자음이나 모음의 듣기능력을 저해하는 요소가 되는지 분석할 수 있다. 예를 들면 영어권의 /k/, /f/, /th/, /s/등의 자음은 2,000 ~ 8,000 Hz의 자음으로 고주파수 영역의 소리이므로 이러한 대역의 고주파수 난청은 듣기 어려운 음소로 구분된다(Tye-Murray,2008).
The purpose of this study was to analyse the frequency characteristics of 583 Korean meaningful monosyllabic words by their initial·middle·final phonemes to understand speech recognition ability based on hearing configuration more accurately. Normal hearing 20 Korean young adults(10 males and 10 females) produced 583 words in context situations. Data were collected by using Computerized Speech Lab(CSL 4300B) and analyzed by using Pratt 4.3.14. According to 19 initial consonants, /ㄱ/, /ㄴ/, /ㄷ/, /ㄹ/, /ㅁ/, /ㅂ/, /ㅅ/, /ㅇ/, /ㅈ/, /ㅊ/, /ㅋ/, /ㅌ/, /ㅍ/, /ㅎ/, /ㄲ/, / ㄸ/, /ㅃ/, /ㅆ/, /ㅉ/, 18 middle vowels, /ㅏ/, /ㅐ/, /ㅑ/, /ㅓ/, /ㅔ/, /ㅕ/, /ㅖ/, /ㅗ/, /ㅘ/, /ㅙ/, /ㅚ/, /ㅛ/, /ㅜ/, /ㅝ/, /ㅟ /, /ㅠ/, /ㅡ/, /ㅣ/, 7 and no final consonants, /ㄱ/, /ㄴ/, /ㄷ/, /ㄹ/, /ㅁ/, /ㅂ/, /ㅇ/ were analyzed and their means, standard deviations, and ranges were recorded. The means of initial consonants /ㄴ/, /ㄹ/, /ㅁ/ were recorded under 500 Hz, /ㄱ/, /ㄲ/, /ㅂ/, /ㅃ/, /ㅇ/, /ㅋ/, /ㅍ/, /ㅎ/ were recorded at 1,000 ~ 2,500 Hz, /ㄷ/, /ㄸ/, /ㅈ/, /ㅉ/, /ㅊ/, / ㅌ/ were recorded at 4,000 ~ 5,000 Hz, /ㅅ/, /ㅆ/ were recorded at 5,000 ~ 6,000 Hz. The means of middle vowels / ㅛ/, /ㅝ/, /ㅠ/ were recorded under 1,000 Hz, /ㅑ/, /ㅕ/, /ㅖ/, /ㅗ/, /ㅜ/ were recorded 1,000 ~ 2,500 Hz, /ㅏ/, /ㅐ/, /ㅓ/, /ㅔ/, /ㅘ/, /ㅙ/, /ㅚ/, /ㅟ/, /ㅡ/, /ㅣ/ were recorded 2,500 ~ 4,000 Hz, showing no means over 4,000 Hz. The means of 7 and no final consonants /ㄱ/, /ㄴ/, /ㄷ/, /ㄹ/, /ㅁ/, /ㅂ/, /ㅇ/ were recorded at 2,000 ~ 3,000 Hz. The statistical significance using oneway analysis of variance revealed that the initial consonants’ means were different according to their middle vowels, the middle vowels’ means were different according to their initial consonants, and the final consonants’ means were different according to their initial consonants except initial consonants /ㄴ/, /ㄹ/, / ㅁ/. The initial consonants could be categorized by articulation manner and place. These results can be used clinically for better audiological assessment and rehabilitation such as speech sound audiogram of English. In the future, more data should be investigated with female and male talker vocalizations for more systematic and complete frequency analysis according to initial·middle·final phonemes.
INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Acknowledgements
