In late :Ming(明) period, Bao-quan(寶卷; Precious Scrolls) was reached a new phase in its development from Sung(宋) period. Wu-sheng Lao-mu(無生老母; Eternal venerable Mother) appeared as the central constituent element in doctrines of folk religions and was changed gradually to the object of worship. The purpose of its compilation was the propagation of a religion related with the Bao-quan, A preacher of a folk religion persuaded people to become an adherent. The contents of Bao-quan consists of the salvation of the adherents by Wu-sheng Lao-mu, the aspiration to shake off political, social, economic, and sexual fetters and the religious threat such as the advent of kalpic catastrophe(劫災) and the agony in the purgatory caused by immoral deeds from ethical viewpoint of that time.
Therefore, the scene of native land(家鄭), Utopia to return after salvation, where populace including women could cast off the yoke of the realities, was dipicted On the other hand, characteristics as didactic Moral books(善書) were also revealed in Precious Scrolls, and there was an earnest exhortation that the populace should accept affirmatively realities to give up and call them fate. It shows that there were various political, social and economical complexities and strains enough to prove a serious menace to the internal structure of the nation. I think that such situations is closely related with gentry class (輔士層)'s endeavour to popularize Moral books(善書).