Aa a cutural heritage, traditional art involves ancestors' life styles and aesthetic senses, and presents the contemporary idea of the times. Understanding the contemporary ideas embedded in art heritages and developing their aesthetic senses help us see critically our and others culture in the historical and social contexts. Therefore cultural education through art heritages can contribute to bring up of students' identities as well as visual literacy. However, we don't consider clearly the reasons and rationales why the cultural education through traditional art heritages is important. It needs to examine analytically them in detail. This study aims to examine why we have to educate students the way of understanding traditional art and critical reading of art heritages. To do this, this paper began with some thinking of the different meanings of culture and some questions of universal and widespread thinking of culture. Secondary, it examined what the concepts of identity is and the relationship between cultural identity and multiculturalism. Finally, the three rationales to cultural education through art heritages was discussed in terms of (1)balanced visions of our and others cultures; (2)critical reading of our own culture through traditional art heritages; (3)cultural identity. In conclusion, the cultural education through traditional art heritages is necessary to suggest the direction for ourselves living in cultural ideology, as called as ‘cultural globalism’, to recognize distinctive thinking of different culture, as called as ‘orientalism’, and to establish our cultural identity.