Park, Ji-Won(Yeonam, 1737-1805), who was the representative of Bukhak school, has been evaluated to be a splendid writer. His sentence has the spirit of the scripture as well as various writing style of that day and it moved reader’s mind by rich metaphor. The studies on the writings of Park Ji-Won who played a great role in advancing the modernization of our country in the late of Chosun Dynasty are very meaningful to the literati or artists. What is more, the study on the theory of Korean traditional painting is estimated to be useful in learning how the methodology of art criticism of our ancestors was in understanding the art history and area of art criticism which has made a new appearance in 2011 Revised Curriculum, even though the term education is not used. In that sense, this study aimed to draw the characteristics of Park, Ji-Won s theory of painting by analyzing his activities in his own age and his argument or view of painting expressed in Yeolhailgi. Thus, this study divided Park, Ji- Wen’s theory of painting into three at large to draw the characteristics focusing on Yeonamjib and Yeolhailgi. The three characteristics can be summarized as theory of Xieyi Law, theory of truth expression as reviewing the old and learning the new, and theory of Xieyi Realism. Furthermore, Park, Ji-Won’s attitude to the rational faculty of the mind was ultimately applied to his aesthetic thought and theory of painting, covering reviewing the old and learning the new which advocates theory of Xieyi Law without bei.ng partial, the past and the present, form and content, the nobility and the commonalty, beauty and ugliness, and xingsi and xieyi, altogether.