Every human being has own world. Among the various worlds possessed by the various people, the world owned by a child is an era of wonder, mystery, and imagination. Drawing is a most fundamental activity which every child is fond of, and through the activity, a mental imagination can yery naturally be expressed. Through this study, I collected the drawings of the children, as a material for the study, in regards with the expression of theme and the backgroundhandling in the drawings, which can easily be found in the child drawings, and intended to find the influence of the pictorial surface made to the activity of the activity of the child. For the purpose of the study, I took the children ranged from 5 through 7 years old, as the objectives, and caused them to draw one on a free theme and the other one on a given theme, on the same sized drawing papers(26.8cm×18.3cm). I did not put any restriction over them drawing a free theme so that they could express any thing in any way at their random, and they could completely be free upon how to handle the background, while I regulated them to complete the pictorial surface without any blank for the given theme. There could not be in the world any better sincereity than the one expressed through the drawings of the children. Therefore, it can be said the purpose of the drawing education of the child is to properly understand the mental world of the child from the stand point of the child, and to help them to lead their puported meanings toward desirable and positivive directions. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, I collected total 680 sheets of drawings of the children, which consist of 330 sheets of free theme and 350 sheets of given theme, and obtained following result: On Free Theme: 1. Colored only for the main theme .............................................. 49.39% 2. Completely filled the pictorial surface with color ........................... 25.76% 3. Expressed the theme only with lines .......................................... 20.60% 4. Completed half each the theme and the background of the pictorial surface..... 2.72% 5. Miscellaneous(no theme expressed ............................................ 1.52% On Given Theme: 1. Completed the pictorial surface with color................................... 59.72% 2. Used color only for theme expression ........................................ 20.57% 3. Expressed the theme only with lines ......................................... 10.57% 4. Completed half each the theme and the background of the pictorial surface ... 4.57% 5. Miscellaneous ............................................................... 4.57% From the result, it has been noticed that most children generally incline their cares specifically in expression the theme, while much less concern is found in their effort to express the other backgrounds. In the mean time, if a child is required to complete the background treatment, though he does it against his true will, he will gradually lose the care forced by such a requirement and leave the space blank, because the child feels the work difficult, stiff muscle on the arm, and bored with the work, which all oftenresult in a give-up state in the course of the work.