Using a representative data from Korean Education Employment Panel(KEEP), this study attempts
to investigate the existential aspects of social and cultural capital and the structural relationship
between academic achievement and economic, social, and cultural capital in Korea. The major
findings can be summarized as follows. First, cultural and social capital of the household are
differentiated by household income, household head's education and occupation, but these factors do
not affect the student's cultural capital. Second, the student's score on the College Scholastic Ability
Test(i.e., su-neng) is more affected by economic capital than his school grade(i.e., nae-sin). Third,
students' cultural and social capital have a relatively large effect on both su-neng and nae-shin. These
results suggest that the academic achievement gap between students of different socio-economic
backgrounds can be reduced by making the effort to increase students' cultural and social capital at
home and at school.