Unlike official history in Shamkuksagi, unofficial history in Shamkukyusa shows the imaginative sense of the humanities and various aspects of Korean spirit and culture. For this reason, Korean historians give a higher evaluation to Shamkukyusa than to Shamkuksagi, a collection of official history. In addition, Korean sense of identity is better found in the unofficial records in Shamkukyusa than in the official ones in Shamkuksagi. Among these two, the only available sources of ancient Korean history, this study chose Shamkukyusa, a collection of unofficial history over Shamkuksagi to gain insight into the ancient physical education because Shamkukyusa shows the ancient physical education culture in more abundance than Shamkuksagi does. This study made efforts to discover the various aspects of ancient physical education hidden in Shamkukyusa and to organize the timelines of them. The relics of the culture, if available, were investigated. It is expected that this study will confirm Korean sentiment and contribute to giving a historic identity to ancient Korean physical education culture.