Although many invasive studies in the biliary tract disease are replaced by noninvasive techniques such as ultrasonography and computed tomography, PTC does still play an important role in diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. Authors had performed 42 patients of PTC with Chiba needle at the department of radiology, Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital for 4 years from January 1978 to April 1982. And we reviewed literatures. The results were as follows : 1. Forty two patients of PTC were 22 males and 20 females. The success rate was 90.5% (38/42). The failed 4 cases of PTC were nonobstructive hepatobiliary diseases. 2. The PTC diagnosis of 38 cases were biliary stone (21 cases), cholangiocarcinoma (7 cases), pancreatic carcinoma (2 cases), hepatoma (2 cases), and clonorchiasis (1 cases), and the remainders were normal. 3. We made 2 cases of misdiagnosis on the basis of PTC findings. They were one case of distal CBD stone with severe cholangitis diagnosed as ampullary carcinoma and another case of proximal CBD stone with cholangitis diagnosed as pancreas carcinoma. 4 We experienced 2 cases of complication such as sepstis and severe hypotension, but they were recovered.