Congenital syphilis is transmitted throuth the placenta by the infected mother after 16 weeks of gestation. Since the incidence of syphilis is again on the increase, syphilis remains at the present time a public problem of major and increasing proportions. Recently, congenital syphilis has different formas of presintation. The authors observed clinically and radiologically 27 cases of congenital syphilis in the neonates and infants treasted at the pediatric ward of Chonnam National University Hospital from Jan. 1977 to Mar. 1982. The results are as follows : 1. The number of observed patients was 27 cases, 22 cases in male, 5 cases in female. 2. Onset of first clinical symptoms and signs was within the 4th week life in 14 cases (52%), 1-2 months in 6 cases (22%), 2-3 months in 4 cases (15%), 3-4 months in 3 cases (11%). All cases was within 6 months. 3. The order of the frequency of common clinical manifestations was hepatomegaly (96%), splenomegaly (78%), skin lesions (63%), anemia (63%), nasal snuffle (56%). 4. Of 11 cases with known birth weight, 10 cases were low birth weight. 5. The serologic test (VDRL slide test) of 27 tested cases revealed reactive response in 26 cases, non-reactive response in 1 case, and that of syphilitic mothers except one revealed reactive in 23 cases, non-reactive in 3 cases. 6. Roentgenographic syphilitic bony changes were detected in 26 cases (96%), of 27 studied cases, Osteochondritis was present in 24 cases (89%), periostitis in 21 cases (78%), osteomyelitis in 11 cases (41%). 7. The most common sites affected were as follows. Radius and ulna were the most frequently affected, the next were in order of tibia and fibula. Considering osteochondirtis only, the distal end of radius and ulna (78% respectively) and proximal end of tibia (67%) were the most frequency affected sites, the proximal end of femur (33%) was least frequently affected site. 8. On chest films of 27 cases, osseous changes (Mainly periostitis) of clavicle were noted in 14 cases and those of rib in 2 cases.