In this study, a new hierarchical nanostructure consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) was prepared by an electrospinning process followed by a hydrothermal technique for use as a photocatalyst for dye degradation. First, the electrospinning of a colloidal solution consisting of titanium isopropoxide/poly(vinyl acetate)/zinc nanopartic Ies was performed to produce polymeric nanofibers embedded in solid nanoparticles. Calcination of the obtained electrospun nanofiber mats in air at $600^{circ}C$ produced $TiO_2$ nanofibers containing ZnO nanoparticles(i.e.,ZnO-doped $TiO_2$ nanofibers). The ZnO nanoparticles formed were then exploited as seeds to produce the outgrowth ZnO branches around the $TiO_2$ nanofibers using the hydrothermal technique. Photodegradation of methyl red and rhodamineB (RB) dyes was examined individually using four photocatalysts: ZnO nanoparticles prepared by the same hydrothermal technique, pristine $TiO_2$ nanofibers, ZnO-doped $TiO_2$ nanofibers and the produced nanostructure. The results showed that the introduced ZnO-$TiO_2$ hierarchical nanostructurecan eliminate all the methylred dye within 90 min and the rhodamine B dye within 105 min. However, the other three nanostructures could not totally remove any of the dyes, even after 3 h. Therefore, the introduced nanostructure has higher photocatalytic activity than any of its ingredients individually, which highlights the advantages of synthesizingthis novel structure.