Automated building construction systems are currently being employed as an effective alternative for the recent aging of the workforce and the lack of skilled labor. In order to apply such systems effectively in building construction process, the influence on overall construction process by the systems should be examined in the developing phase. Moreover, appropriate performance criteria for the systems should be determined based on the aspect of cost-effectiveness. Therefore, this study analyses performance criteria of an automated building construction system for steel framework by using a simulation technique, CYCLONE, and economic feasibility analysis in order to developing and employing the system efficiently. The study targets the steel girder installation process through a manless steel frame and joint method and bolting robot which is developed by the robot-based construction automation (RCA) group in Korea. The result shows that the manless steel frame and joint method leads substantial productivity improvement for the steel girder installation process by the reduction of loads for resources. In addition, considering productivity and costs of the system on overall process, the maximum permissible capital cost for the bolting robot increases dramatically when a cycle time of the robot ranges from 320 to 440 seconds. The results of this study will help develop cost-efficient system, and serve as a decision support model for appropriate resource inputs of the construction automation method.