This research investigates the actual condition and shield rate of aprons used for radiation protection due to the increasing demands and developments of radiological diagnostic techniques. The primary objective is to indicate improvements and proper methods of use. A total of 38 aprons used at two university hospitals were measured against standard size, shield rate according to the exposure conditions, and period of use. Surveys were given to 40 operators in regards to actual frequency of use and reasons for not using aprons. 1) The results of measurements showed height size and scapula protector did not meet standards that are classified by national manufacturer. Domestic products were superior to imported products. 2) As the exposure condition was increased, the shield rate decreased. The lead equivalent and shield efficiency were not in direct proportion. 3) The result of equality was in an acceptable error range. 4) The shield rate according to each location dropped rapidly between three and five years. 5) An actual frequency of use was high in radiosensitive groups like pregnant women and infants: however, the frequency of use for operators or guardians was low. The main reason for not using an apron was discomfort. Although size was inferior to standards, quality measured up. Operators’ recognition and satisfaction needs to be improved, because the actual frequency of use was lower than expected except for radio-sensitive groups. Manufacturers reduce size and scalpula protector in consideration of the fact that operators attach great importance to comfort in their working environment. The typical longevity of an apron was at most 5 yr. The shield efficiency increases with an increase in lead equivalent. In consideration for comfort, aprons of 0.35 mm Pb is considered suitable for use. In conclusion, in order to use an apron effectively, the result of this research recommends operators to use domestic products and 0.35 mm Pb aprons within 5 yr of being manufactured along with constant education for safety.